The Male Reproductive System
Structures and Fuctions of Male Reproductive System
- Gonads: to produce male sex hormones (androgens) and gametes (spermatozoa or sperm)
- Ducts: to receive and transport gametes
- Accessory glands: secrete fluids into ducts and urethra (prostate gland, seminal glands/vesicles and bulbo-urethral gland
- Perineal structures: known as external genitalia (scrotum and penis)
Pathway of Spermatozoa
- Testis
- Epididymis
- Ductus deference (Vas deferens)
- Ejaculatory duct
- Urethra
Spermatogenesis
Spermatogenesis is the process of sperm production. It begins at outermost cell layer in seminiferous tubules and proceeds toward lumen. there are 5 cells of spermatogenesis:
- Spermatogonia or stem cells. it's divided by mitosis to produce spermatogonium and primary spermatocyte
- Primary Spermatocytes- begim meiosis from secondary spermatocytes
- Secondary spermatocytes- immature gametes(spermatids)
- Spermatids- diffrentiate into spermatozoa
- Spermatozoa
Spermatogenesis involves three processes which are mitosis- it's produce two diploid daughter cells (46 chromosomes), Meiosis - form of cell division involved only in production of gamestes that contain 23 chromosomes and Spermiogenesis- is the last step of spermatogenesis. each spermatid matures into one spermatozoon (sperm).
In many cases that woman can't get pregnant is because of the unhealthy sperm. in order to get pregnant, the sperm count must be adequate, semen must have correct PH and erection and ejaculation must fuction properly.
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